Thursday, 9 December 2010

Digital Artists

David Lachapelle


David LaChapelle's photography career began in the 1980's in New York City galleries. After attending the North Carolina School of Arts, he moved to New York where he enrolled at both the Art Students League and the School of Visual Arts. With shows at 303 Gallery, Trabia McAffee and others, his work caught the eye of his hero Andy Warhol and the editors of Interview Magazine, who offered him his first professional photography job.
Working at Interview Magazine, LaChapelle quickly began photographing some of the most famous faces of the times.

Before long, he was shooting for the top editorial publications of the world, and creating the most memorable advertising campaigns of a generation. His striking images have appeared on and in between the covers of magazines such as Italian Vogue, French Vogue, Vanity Fair, GQ, Rolling Stone and i-D. In his twenty-year career in publishing, he has photographed personalities as diverse as Tupac Shakur, Madonna, Amanda Lepore, Eminem, Philip Johnson, Lance Armstrong, Pamela Anderson, Lil' Kim, Uma Thurman, Elizabeth Taylor, David Beckham, Paris Hilton, Jeff Koons, Leonardo DiCaprio, Hillary Clinton, Muhammad Ali, and Britney Spears, to name just a small selection.

After establishing himself as a fixture amongst contemporary photography, LaChapelle expanded his work to include direction of music videos, live theatrical events, and documentary film. His directing credits include music videos for artists such as Christina Aguilera, Moby, Jennifer Lopez, Britney Spears, The Vines and No Doubt.
His stage work includes Elton John's The Red Piano, the Caesar's Palace spectacular he designed and directed in 2004, which just recently ended its five year run in Las Vegas. His burgeoning interest in film led him to make the short documentary Krumped, an award-winner at Sundance from which he developed RIZE, the feature film acquired for worldwide distribution by Lions Gate Films. The film was released in the US and internationally in the Summer of 2005 to huge critical acclaim, and was chosen to open the 2005 Tribeca Film Festival in New York City.

Recent years have brought LaChapelle back to where he started, with some of the world's most prestigious galleries and museums exhibiting his works. Galleries such as the Tony Shafrazi Gallery in New York, Jablonka Galerie in Berlin, the Robilant + Voena Gallery in London; and Maruani & Noirhomme in Belgium have housed his works as well as Institutions such as the Palazzo delle Esposizioni and Palazzo Reale in Italy; the Barbican in London, and The Helmut Newton Foundation in Berlin.

In 2009, exhibitions in Mexico City at the Museo del Antiguo Colegio de San Ildefonso, in Paris at the Musee de La Monnaie, and in Guadalajara at the Museo de Las Artes all broke attendance records. These shows presented his latest series of works with which LaChapelle has broken out of the frame, presenting three-dimensional sculptural murals.


His unique way of adding interesting things to his pictures.







Digital Artists

Andy Warhol

(Wikepedia)



Andrew Warhol (August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987), known as Andy Warhol, was an American painter, printmaker, and filmmaker who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art. After a successful career as a commercial illustrator, Warhol became famous worldwide for his work as a painter, avant-garde filmmaker, record producer, author, and member of highly diverse social circles that included bohemian street people, distinguished intellectuals, Hollywood celebrities and wealthy patrons.
Warhol has been the subject of numerous retrospective exhibitions, books, and feature and documentary films. He coined the widely used expression "15 minutes of fame." In his hometown of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, The Andy Warhol Museum exists in memory of his life and artwork.
The highest price ever paid for a Warhol painting is $100 million for a 1963 canvas titled Eight Elvises. The private transaction was reported in a 2009 article in The Economist, which described Warhol as the "bellwether of the art market." $100 million is a benchmark price that only Jackson Pollock, Pablo Picasso, Vincent van Gogh, Pierre-August Renoir, Gustav Klimtand Willem de Kooning have achieved.




Warhols iconic images of Marilyn Monroe.


Monday, 15 November 2010




Julian Opie
(Wikepedia)




Julian Opie was raised in Oxford. After the Dragon School, Oxford, he spent some time at Magdalen College School, in Oxford. Once his studies were completed, he returned to the Chelsea College of Art and became a teacher there.
He is a former trustee of the Tate Gallery.
In his portraiture, the human face is sometimes characterised by black outlines with flat areas of colour, and minimalised detail, to the extent that an eye can become just the black circle of the pupil, and sometimes a head is represented by a circle with a space where the neck would be, Opie tries to portray someone's personality in as little detail as possible. Opie uses computers in art for other works. HisImagine you are... series, demonstrated how activities such as driving, walking and climbing could be represented by simple reductions. In addition, Opie uses sculpture and light installations to present items of everyday life.
Julian Opie also implements computer technology by cutting out the outlines and coloured shapes, sometimes on vinyl, as in large display banners at Tate Britain. Opie is a former trustee of the Tate Galleryand exhibits with Lisson Gallery and Alan Cristea Gallery in London, England. His studio and workshop is based in Shoreditch, London. He was also the subject of a book by Mary Horlock published by Tate Publishing as part of their Contemporary Artist series.


His pictures continue to look incredibly realistic.




Monday, 8 November 2010

Pictures Are Files - File Formats


When an image is captured by a camera or a scanning device it has to be saved or memorised in a 'file format'. The information can only be read and understood if the software recognises the format.


The dominant formats are - 
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group).jpg
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format).tif
PSD (Photoshop Document).psd
RAW (Raw Unprocessed Information)


File>Save as - This opens numerous options for the Photoshop/P.C user. For simplicity it is advisable that you save your work as either TIFF or PSD file because they support all of Photoshop's features. Note - Not all formats support layers.


TIFF - This format generally regarded as the industry standard because it is the most universally recognised format. Photoshop's variant of this format supports image layers, adjustments, layers, paths, clipping paths and ICC profiles. It's the most popular format for photographers delivering RGB and CMYK files to clients. It's good practise to flatten recognised files because only Photoshop supports layered tiffs.


PSD - Photoshop's native format supports everything Photoshop can do including ICC profile. Until version 6 it was the only format that supported layers. This format is only by Photoshop so it is not advertisable to hand PCD files over to clients.


JPEG - The most commonly used file format. It has 'lossy' compression that transmits what it deems to be 'important' content and discards colour information hat it considers redundant. There are no options to save without compression but embedding ICC profile is optional.


JPEG allows you to make trade off between image file size and image quality. JPEG compression divides the images in squares 8x8 pixels, which are compressed independently. As you increase compression the squares become more visible.


100% Quality JPEG - Is very hard to distinguish from the uncompressed original typically taking up to 6 times as much storage space. 


80% Quality JPEG - It still looks good although it is 10 times smaller than the uncompressed original. Some deterioration will occur however. 


60% Quality JPEG - 20 times smaller than the uncompressed original. Sufficient for website use.


10% Quality JPEG - This will show image degradation with very visible 8c8 jpeg square. It is unlikely that you will ever use this level of compression but it illustrates what JPEG is doing at higher quality levels.


Photoshop - 3SD (Portable Document Format) - This format can support layer files, they can be re-opened and edited in Photoshop.  A group of images can be saved as a multi page document. PDF supports various compression amongst them are ZIP, JPEG and JPEG 200.


Upon close inspection of compressed JPEG blocks of 8x8 pixels can become evident. Because of this degration it is advisable to avoid saving in this format for high quality images. JPEG can use several layers of compression dramatically reducing the size of closed files compared to their open state. If an image is shot on JPEG avoid re-saving as a JPEG as it will further degrade the image, save as a TIFF.

the clash - Death or Glory - London Calling Legacy Edition

A Guide To Workflow

Workflow is a popular term for establishing a series of steps to achieve a final finished product, in your case a final print.


1. Capture - 
This is what most people think photography is all about, searching, shooting, camera work, lighting, film or digital. 


2. Downloading - 
Downloading or importing gets your captured images from the camera and puts them into your computer so that you can complete the rest of the steps.    The computer is the command centre for all your workflow. Downloading images onto your hard drive also frees the cameras memory card so it can be reused. Scanned images are sent directly to the computer.


3. Organise your images - 
You may soon have thousands of images stored onto your hard drive and you will need to locate them easily.  Sometimes it can be like finding a needle in a haystack, if you are in business you need to find a systematic method of storing images.   Essential information can slip from your memory if there are delays between shooting and organising work. Try and make time to put your files in order a the end of every day of shooting and label files accurately. 


4. Editing - 
The traditional meaning is letting the 'good' images rise to the top of the pile.


Digital image editing, or post processing, opens up a can of worms, as it encompasses a wide range of alterations that go way beyond the choices that can be made when printing in most of the standard image adjustments - cropping, rotating, changing size, modifying hue, value and saturation.  


Image editing is used to prepare an image for the next step, output. Image editing has its own workflow.




5. Output - 
Output is not limited to printing, although this may be your primary focus. You might want to show a prospective client work on your laptop or email images to a gallery or website. To create the best file for each use will require several editing strategies.


6. Archiving -
This means keeping your work in an organised way so that it is preserved against damage and loss and so that individual items can be retrieved and found when necessary.


Digital files present unique challenges for long-term storage but they have a big advantage over most materials in that they can be duplicated. A copy of a file or an entire drive is called a back up.    All media on which files can be kept are vulnerable to theft, dust, magnetism, heat, shock, fire, flood etc. Your best defence is to make multiple copies of everything you do. The best thing is to create two identical archives stored in different locations. A digital can vanish in an instant and once its gone, its gone forever.